Protectionist
protectionist (adjective) - policies, ideas, or laws that reduce imports into a countryprotectionism (noun) - helping the companies within a country by preventing imports (e.g. high taxes on imports)
protectionist (noun) - a person who supports and fights for protectionist policies in a country
protectionist policies
increasing influence of protectionists
world-wide pressure to reduce protectionist measures
trade bodies describing this action as protectionist and unnecessary
protectionist barriers
protectionist barriers to trade
protectionism versus free trade
mercantilism and protectionism
protectionist measures
protectionist tariffs
protectionist quotas
have much to lose from protectionist measures
rising unemployment has encouraged the re-adoption of protectionist measures, e.g. tariffs, quotas, subsidies, to protect certain industrial sectors from overseas competition
disbanding these protectionist measures
protectionist short cuts
the temptation to seek protectionist short cuts to economic recovery will be a real one
adopt a protectionist stand
fears that Clinton would adopt a protectionist stand
we have seen what protectionism has done for the US automotive industry
a good old fashion protectionist
eliminate protectionism
winning its battle to eliminate national protectionism
a shift towards protectionism
protectionist trends
on the protectionist side of this debate
protectionist tendencies of the individual member states
reviving protectionism
a move towards protectionism
wavered between free trade and protectionism
a world of growing protectionism and trade blocs
it will be necessary to ensure that anti-competitive practices do not engender new forms of local protectionism
it is impossible to see why such protectionism will make the key players more competitive against the Japanese
based on an absurd paradox: that of internal free trade but external protectionism
waves of protectionism and concurrent fall in export sales
the growing threat of protectionism in many countries
each state still retained a large measure of protectionism against the others
free trade is superior to protectionism.
the alternative is protectionism
the protectionist and the liberal countries
a protectionist argument
he advanced his familiar protectionist argument
industries which could only be saved by the abandonment of free trade and the adoption of more protectionist policies
politicians used protectionist arguments
the danger that national competition policies might be used in a protectionist or promotional manner
there have been calls for a more protectionist approach in the US
protectionist or promotional uses of competition policy as a tool of industrial policy
in favour of protectionist policies
against our interests to adopt a more protectionist and interventionist policy in aerospace
the protectionist movement
a protectionist fortress Europe policy designed to exclude non-EC institutions
they claimed the policy protectionist
an increasingly protectionist US Congress
expressed concerns over protectionist barriers affecting its major exports
engage in all manner of protectionist devices
has actually benefited from a protectionist philosophy
the protectionist view of France and her allies
Ecuador was to be permitted to dismantle its strongly protectionist system in two stages
a poorly managed transition from an excessively protectionist economy to one based on free market principles
increasing economic protectionist practices
the issue added to the political pressures already mounting in the USA for protectionist action against Japan
had broadly endorsed a package of protectionist economic measures
the possibility of the growth of protectionist policies
income derived from protectionist policies
protectionist programmes to sustain sunset industries
enthusiasts for the creation of a liberal, multilateral international economic order were increasingly impeded by all sorts of objections from protectionist and business interests
discriminatory taxation whose basis is, frankly, protectionist
embarked on a protectionist policy
Example sentences:
* A draft European Community regulation proposing that producers label their food-stuffs with a Protected Graphical Indication (PGI) or Designation of Origin (PDO) has been given the thumbs-down at the consultation stage with trade bodies describing it as protectionist and unnecessary.
* For its part, Japan is becoming increasingly nervous about protectionist trends in Europe.
* The Japanese negotiators are particularly worried by the increasing influence of protectionist French and Italians in the Community.
* World-wide pressure to reduce protectionist measures, and the need to contain the cost of the Common Agricultural Policy, mean that farmers will face reduced support and increased competition.
* Britain and the EC have much to lose from protectionist measures.
* Taken together, these structures are stringently protectionist.
* Since the early 1970s rising unemployment has encouraged the re-adoption of protectionist measures, e.g. tariffs, quotas, subsidies, to protect certain industrial sectors from overseas competition.
* Development was initially assisted by protectionist (tariffs and quotas) measures.
* The oil crisis and following economic recession of the 1970s reinforced any protectionist tendencies of the individual member states and it was not until the early 1980s that the political will developed to re-focus the creation of a single market.
* Laura Tyson, the chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers, who is meant to be on the protectionist side of this debate, flatly denies this: those who believe it, she says, are living in a `;different reality';.
* In particular he came to appreciate that Britain's reliance on decaying staple industries, whose production costs were making them increasingly uncompetitive in the post-war world, could only be saved by the abandonment of free trade and the adoption of more protectionist policies.
* The Commission has tried to find a compromise between the protectionist and the liberal countries.
* There was considerable applause from his listeners as he advanced his familiar protectionist argument.
* Kenya's dilemmas were worsened by the very complexity of its protectionist policies.
* Politicians used protectionist arguments, the defence of French industry, of French culture, with expansionist overtones.
* The opposition displayed by certain Spanish scientists towards the return to Spain of young researchers trained abroad often takes advantage --; with the complicity of the administration --; of protectionist bureaucratic mechanisms dating from the Franco period.
* None of these possibilities is countenanced by competition policy in any of the three jurisdictions previously discussed, though there have been calls for a more protectionist approach in the US.
* It will be evident that the two issues raised in this section, the appropriate level for competition policy, and the use of competition policy as a tool of industrial policy (whether protectionist or promotional), are two sides of the same question.
* There is a particular danger that national competition policies might be used in a protectionist or promotional manner as described above to give advantage to domestic producers.
* (I am not arguing that the Americans do not themselves engage in all manner of protectionist devices, but merely note that they do at least have an intrinsic belief in the benefits of Adam Smith's hidden hand, a view which is not wholly shared on the Continent of Europe.)
* It may be that Britain has overemphasised the potential benefits of free trade; that she has actually benefited from the protectionist philosophy which permeates the EEC; that being a member of a cohesive new power bloc is what has counted; that the fight with the Americans over agricultural matters is a case in point; that had she been on her own, Britain would have been trampled over by her cousins on the other side of the Atlantic.
* Negotiations on the precise shape and form of the CAP took four years and it was, unsurprisingly, the protectionist view of France and her allies which emerged triumphant in January 1962.
* Campaigns to save the whales have led to the International Whaling Commission gradually lowering its quotas and many nations giving up whaling in favour of protectionist policies.
* It would be against our interests to adopt a more protectionist and interventionist policy in aerospace, because it could lead to other countries adopting the same approach.
* Most attention is devoted to the role of individual industries, especially the new industries, in the protectionist movement of the 1920s.
* The reciprocity measures, as originally drafted in 1988, had aroused particularly strong protests from the USA and from Japan, which saw them as part of a protectionist fortress Europe policy designed to exclude non-EC institutions.
* The USA had threatened on Oct. 11 to take the EC to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) over the issue, which it claimed was protectionist.
* Many of them were frustrated by the lack of progress under the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, seeing its message of free trade as at odds with the actions of an increasingly protectionist US Congress.
* On agriculture the New Zealand side expressed concerns over protectionist barriers affecting its major exports, and over the current impasse in the GATT talks.
* The Declaration envisaged the abolition of all tariffs within the zone, although Ecuador was to be permitted to dismantle its strongly protectionist system in two stages, 50 per cent of its tariffs would be lifted by the end of 1991, and the remainder by June 30, 1992.
* The economic position continued to worsen against the background of a poorly managed transition from an excessively protectionist economy to one based on free market principles.
* Chinese Premier Li Peng on Sept. 8 expressed support for the East Asia Economic Grouping (EAEG) plan, proposed by Malaysia, saying that the planned grouping was vital in view of increasing economic protectionist practices.
* Although the Bush administration stopped short of making a full protest, its official statement described the remarks as not helpful, and the issue added to the political pressures already mounting in the USA for protectionist action against Japan.
* Although the CGT had broadly endorsed a package of protectionist economic measures announced on Oct. 28 [see below], there had been an angry reaction in early November when Economy Minister Domingo Cavallo announced that senior government officials were to receive 200 per cent salary increases.
* While Belous and Hartley are reasonably satisfied that the creation of the SEM will not result in high levels of trade diversion, at least for the USA, they are less sure about the possibility of the growth of protectionist policies connected to the SEM (see chapters 10 and 13).
* To focus upon income derived from protectionist policies as a major source of finance, is not compatible with the role of the EC as a significant participant in the world trading system.
* Greater coordination between member states to develop industrial policies which are effective and do not result in protectionist programmes to sustain sunset industries.
* Indeed the enthusiasts in the administration for the creation of a liberal, multilateral international economic order were increasingly impeded by all sorts of objections from protectionist and tax-conscious Congressmen and business interests.
* And world market prices also tend to fall because these erm sort of protectionist programmes are often too successful, so not only do we reach self sufficiency, but you reach the status of net exporter.
* This export performance has been achieved in the teeth of discriminatory taxation whose basis is, frankly, protectionist.
* It embarked on a protectionist policy and in return for the grant of a tariff to an industry, demanded that its major producers should reorganize themselves.
* Now agricultural erm one of the reasons why agriculture hasn't been included in the G A T T is because governments right from all sorts of countries have said hands up why agricultural policy, this is a domestic policy, it's got nothing to do with international trade, right there's no international dimension to it right, you can't come in here and t tell us that we're erm disbanding these protectionist measures right.
* In the short term, the temptation to seek protectionist short cuts to economic recovery will be a real one.
* Fears that Clinton would adopt a protectionist stand, favouring a trade war over co-operation, also appeared to be groundless; the president favoured settling the GATT negotiations on world trade.
* Are you a good old fashion protectionist?
* Japan is our biggest export market and we have seen what protectionism has done for the US automotive industry.
* Although any European agreement will not be reached before next month, it looks as though the Commission may be winning its battle to eliminate national protectionism.
* Mrs Cresson's appointment is being taken as a shift to the left, particularly in view of the exclusion of seven of the centrist ministers, and as a shift towards protectionism, with the departure of Roger Fauroux, the old cabinet's loudest free-trader.
* There were, indeed, good political grounds for reviving protectionism.
* Yet the Conservative dominance of the new government, and their move towards protectionism, alienated Sir Herbert Samuel and the free traders who left the National government in September 1932.
* The Labour Party was besotted with the free-trade policies of Philip Snowden, and the Conservative Party wavered between free trade and protectionism.
* It is impossible to see why such protectionism will make the key players, Philips, SGS-Thomson and Siemens, more competitive against the Japanese firms, NEC and Toshiba, or the American Intel and Motorola.
* This alone suggests that there is a serious danger of the European Community becoming based on an absurd paradox: that of internal free trade but external protectionism.
* If they are not successfully concluded in the next few months a major objective of the single market will not have been achieved: far from becoming more internationally efficient and competitive, EC industry will fall further behind in a world of growing protectionism and trade blocs.
* As the Community moves to complete the internal market, it will be necessary to ensure that anti-competitive practices do not engender new forms of local protectionism which would only lead to repartitioning the market.
* The disruption of world markets in the aftermath of the war, the waves of protectionism and concurrent fall in export sales inevitably affected the Champagne trade as it razed other industries; 1932 proved disastrous with virtually no buyers for Champagne.
* This has been prompted by the increasing value of the yen, which has squeezed profit margins on cars exported, and also by the growing threat of protectionism in many countries.
* Each state still retained a large measure of protectionism against the others, and complete free trade still remained as far away as ever.
* The alternative is protectionism, particularly against the world beyond Europe.
